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Ching Dynasty

June 25th, 2005 admin

Ching Dynasty

China’s Emperors – The Early Years

Chinese history remembers Suiren, Fuxi and Shennong as the Three Sage Kings. While not exactly kings, they are the leaders of their generation and are remembered today for their personal sacrifices and the many unique contributions to mankind.

Suiren who reputedly lived 18,000 years ago discovered how to make fire by drilling wood. This discovering enabled mankind to eat cooked food and use fire to keep warm and ward off wild animals.

Fuxi taught people to domesticate animals and make nets to catch fish, birds and wild animals, ensuring a continuous supply of food. He also laid down marriage laws and invented a 35 string musical instrument. However most important of all, he create the Eight Trigram or Bagua which became the basis of the I Ching or Books of Changes.

Shennong was the third Sage King. He taught people farming and to grow five types of cereals namely rice, wheat, beans and two types of millets. He invented barter trading and was responsible for inventing a 5 strings musical instrument.

Shennong tasted hundreds of wild berries to find remedies for illnesses. He was constantly poisoned and eventually died from one that proved too much for him.

After Shennong, come Huangdi, Zhuanxu, Diku, Yao and Shun. They were collectively known as the Five Legendary Emperors.

Huangdi had strong management skills. He knows how to select the right people and motivate them to rule the country and to come out with innovations that benefit the people. Many great achievements were attributed to him.

Among Huangdi’s achievements was the development of a written language, the compilation of the healing manual, The Yellow Emperor’s Medicine Classic and the 60 years cycle Jia Zi Farmer’s Calendar.

During Huangdi’s reign, the people experienced stability and prosperity. It ushered in an age of civilization for the Chinese people. This was mainly due to Huangdi’s preference for peace and his dislike for war.

Zhuanzu was not Huangdi’s son but he was chosen over Huangdi’s other son because of his ability. He is best remembered for bring law and order to his people and for concentrating power within the central authority.

Like his great grandfather, Diku who succeeded Zhuanxu, was a benevolent king who took care of the interest of his people. To better manage the growing population, he created additional ministry with properly demarcated duties such as the Ministry of Land, Water, Metal Ores, Fire and Forestry. He conducted personal visits to ensure that that the country was well run. 

Yao was Diku’s son. He was industrious and benevolent like his father. He further developed the calendar and modified the timing of planting that resulting in bumper harvests.

Shun succeeded Yao. Shun’s mother died when he was a young boy. His step mother and father treated him badly. Despite that he remained filial to them and this virtue gained him famed. He was summoned to Yao’s service at 30 and eventually married Yao’s daughter.

During Shun reign, he divided the country into 12 independent states each with their own administrator. He made further changes to the department of land, water, works, music, farming and rites. He was credited with drafting many rules and regulations including the five rules of etiquette.  

After Shun comes Yu. Yu founded the Xia Dynasty and he was credited for his ability to control the floods. More on Yu in future articles.

The Great Qing Dynasty


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